State of Wisconsin
Department of Health Services

HISTORY

The policy on this page is from a previous version of the handbook. 

23-03 Version of 4.4.1 Assets

7 CFR 273.8

4.4.1.1 Introduction to Assets

This section applies only to food units and their assistance group being tested under regular SNAP rules. Regular SNAP rules require an asset test. EBD and non-EBD food units have different asset limits (see section 8.1.1.3 Asset Limits).

Note Asset limits are subject to change with annual cost of living adjustment (COLA) which happens each October 1.

Count or disregard the value of the assets as outlined below.

Equity value

Count the equity value of countable assets. Equity value is the fair market value (FMV) minus any encumbrances against the asset. Disregardmeans do not count, exempt, or exclude the equity value of exempt assets.

Separate and Mixed Assets

Disregard exempt assets kept in a separate account, or in an account with other exempt assets.

If an asset is in an account mixed with countable assets, disregard the exempt assets for one of these periods:

  1. For six months from the date the exempt asset was mixed with the countable assets.
  2. If an exempt asset is money that has been prorated as income, exempt it only for the period over which it has been prorated. After that period expires, count the remaining asset. (Self-employment income and farm income are examples of prorated income.)

Jointly Owned Accounts

A joint account is:

  1. A deposit of funds (savings, checking, share and NOW accounts, certificates of deposit, and similar arrangements), made with,
  2. A financial institution (such as a bank, savings and loan, credit union, or insurance company), where,
  3. The holders have equal access to the funds.

Jointly held accounts in a state-regulated financial institution are accessible to all holders of the account. The food unit has access to the joint account, with the exceptions below.

Do not assume that a jointly held account is accessible if it is:

  1. Established for business, charitable, or civic purposes.
  2. A trust or restricted account. The person named as holder has no or limited access to the funds.
  3. A special purpose account. A special purpose account has at least one holder acting as the power of attorney, guardian, or conservator for another account holder(s).

4.4.1.2 Jointly Owned by Different Food Units

Unless excepted below, deemDeem means allocate income, assets, and/or expenses to the food group from an individual not in the food group the full value of assets owned jointly by separate food units to each food unit.

Example 1 An asset worth $600 is owned by three persons in the same household. Two are in the same food unit and the third is in another unit. Deem the asset's full value of $600 to each food unit. In the food unit with two owners, deem $300 to each owner.

If a food unit jointly owns an asset. Do not count the asset’s full value if the asset is not available to the food unit. Count only the portion of the asset’s value that is available to the food unit.

A jointly owned asset is unavailable to a food unit when:

4.4.1.3 Jointly Owned by Same Food Unit

When the joint owners of an asset are in the same food unit, deem each an equal share of the asset's total value. This avoids counting more than the asset's actual value.

Example 2

Three food unit members own an asset valued at $600. Assigning full value to each holder would give the food unit $1,800 (3 x $600). Only $600 is actually available. To avoid this, give each food unit member an equal share or $200. The food unit's total is now the asset's actual $600 value.

If only two food unit members are FoodShare assistance group members, each contributes $200 to the group's assets. This is a total contribution of $400 from group members. Determine why the other food unit member is not in the FoodShare assistance group. This will determine if the $200, or a portion of it, is deemed to the group.

4.4.1.4 Liquid Assets

Stocks, Bonds, and Other Investments

Count the current cash value of any available investment that includes, but is not limited to, stocks, bonds, or mutual funds. Available means that the asset could be cashed in at any time. Investments that are part of retirement plans are generally not available until someone is of retirement age.

To calculate the net value of investments such as stocks, bonds, or mutual funds, verify the current value(s) as of closing of the market on the day before you do the calculation. For individual stocks or bonds, multiply the value per share times the number of shares. Deduct any losses or penalties charged as a result of a potential sale or early withdrawal.

Loans

Count any loan to a food unit member as an asset, even if the food unit member anticipates spending it in the same month.

Loan Repayments

Count the principal of a loan repayment to a food unit member from a non-food unit member as an asset.

Savings and Checking Accounts

Count money deposited in a savings or checking account. Disregard the value of outstanding (un-cleared) checks. Money deposited into an account, that was counted as income for a month, cannot also be counted as an asset for the same month. 

For example, SSI income is received in January. The payment is directly deposited into the person’s checking account. This payment is not considered to be part of the asset calculation for January. 

Cash

Count any cash on hand as an asset.

U.S. Savings Bonds

Count the cash value of a U.S. Savings Bond unless it is unavailable. A bond is unavailable only if the food unit proves it tried to cash the bond and was refused.

Nonrecurring Lump Sum

Count nonrecurring lump sum payments (see SECTION 4.5.5.2 NONRECURRING LUMP SUMP PAYMENT). 

Interest Income

Count interest, dividend, and royalty income as an asset if not received directly.

Example 3 Mary has a certificate of deposit (CD). She receives an interest check every time the CD matures. The interest is income. If she leaves the interest to accumulate, count it as an asset.

4.4.1.5 Recurring Lump Sum Payment

Disregarded the following recurring payments from the asset test Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) and SSI Retroactive Installment Payments. These types of payments are not counted as income or as an asset.

Two or more lump sum payments received regularly are considered unearned income (see 4.3.4.2 Unearned Income).

Example 4 A food unit member receives an insurance settlement payment as a lump sum every three years. The agency receives documentation showing that the same amount is set to be paid every three years over the next 30 years. The lump sum should be budgeted as a monthly amount over the period it is meant to cover. The lump sum amount should be divided by 36 with the resulting amount budgeted as monthly unearned income.

4.4.1.6 Nonrecurring Lump Sum Payment

7 CFR 273.9(c)(8)

A nonrecurring lump sum is a payment received only once. Count the payment  as a liquid asset in the month the food unit receives the payment, do not count the payment as income. Types of nonrecurring lump sum payments include but are not limited to:

Disregarded nonrecurring lump sum payments may include a one-time energy assistance payment, disaster or emergency payment, or tax credit (see Section 4.4.1.7 Disregarded Assets for a list of disregarded assets.)

Disregard an income tax refund for 12 months. The 12-month period is still continuous if there is a break in service (see section 2.3.1 Break in Service).
When a combination of current and lump sum payments is received at once, the current amount is income, and the nonrecurring amount is an asset.

Example 5 A food unit member receives Social Security benefits. In June, they get a $950 check. $430 is for the current month (June) and $520 is a retroactive payment for underpayments in February and March. The $430 is income and the $520 is an asset.

4.4.1.7 Disregarded Assets

Disregard the following assets:

Unavailable Assets

Significant return means any return, after estimating costs of sale or disposition and considering the ownership interest of the food unit, the local agency determines are more than $1,500. This does not apply to financial instruments such as stocks, bonds, and negotiable financial instruments.

Examples of unavailable assets are:

The lien agreement must prohibit selling the asset until the lien is satisfied. Non-liquid assets include land, crops, buildings, timber, farm equipment, and machinery.

Example 6 A farmer borrows from a bank to buy a new dairy bulk tank by allowing a lien on his corn crop. The value of the corn crop is unavailable until the lien is removed by satisfying the loan.

 

Example 7 Sue has an irrevocable trust fund with a $5,500 balance. The account is in Sue’s name. She provides verification that it will take 30 days to close the account, and because of penalties and taxes, the amount she will receive is $3,150. The asset is not counted at application because it is not immediately available. However, after the 30 days required to close the account, $3,150 is an available asset. The asset will be considered available regardless of whether or not Sue chooses to withdraw the funds.

Self-Employment or Business Assets

Self-employment or business assets are generally income-producing property. Exclude assets directly related and essential to producing goods or services.

Real Property

Disregard all real property, regardless of whether it is homestead property or not. A home is any dwelling place intended for human habitation. All real property including homestead property is excluded as an asset.

Vehicles

Disregard all vehicles.

Land Contracts

Disregard land and installment contracts for land or a building if the contract produces income consistent with its fair market value (FMV).

Installment Contracts

Disregard the value of property sold under an installment contract or held as security in exchange for a purchase price consistent with its FMV. This includes the sale of any property or building if the terms of the installment contract provide a purchase price consistent with the property's FMV.

Disaster Payments

Disregard any governmental payment designated to restore a home damaged in a disaster. Apply this exemption if the food unit is subject to a legal sanction if the funds are not used as intended.

Disregard any payments to farmers for a farm emergency caused by a natural disaster. The USDA determines if a farm emergency exists.

Personal Goods & Property

Disregard household goods and personal effects, such as home appliances, furniture, and clothes.

Burial Plot

Disregard one burial plot for each food unit member.

Pre-Paid Funeral Agreements

Disregard the value of one bona fide pre-paid funeral agreement per food unit member.

Retirement Accounts

Exclude the following:

Trust Funds

Count funds in a trust and any income produced by the trust. Disregard the funds only if all of these conditions exist:

Money Prorated as Income

A food unit member may have deposited money into an account from self-employment or farming. Prorate this money as income.
Disregard money prorated as income as an asset when it is being counted as income. When it is no longer prorated as income, count it as an asset.

Tools and Other Work-Related Equipment

Disregard the value of tools or other equipment essential to the employment or self-employment of a food unit member. Examples of essential tools are those of a mechanic, plumber, or other tradesperson, or a farmer's machinery.

Relocation Payments

Disregard payments from the Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Properties Acquisition Act of 1970.

Nutrition Benefits

Disregard the value of assistance received from programs under the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 and the National School Lunch Act. These include:

Energy Assistance Program

Disregard all payments provided by the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) or Wisconsin Home Energy Assistance Program (WHEAP).

HUD

Disregard payments from the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) settling the Underwood v. Harris judgment against HUD (Civil No. 76-0469, DDC).

These payments are for retroactive tax and utility cost subsidies. Disregard them for the month in which the payment is received and the following month. Thereafter, count any remaining amount as an asset.

Wartime Relocation of Civilians

Disregard payments under PL 100-383 to U.S. citizens of Japanese ancestry and permanent resident Japanese immigrants or their survivors and Aleut residents of the Pribilof Islands and the Aleutian Islands West of Unimak Island.

Alaskan Native Claims

Disregard payments including cash, stock, partnership interest, land, interest in land, and other benefits from the Alaskan Native Claims Settlement Act (PL 92-203).

Tribal/ Native American Payments

Disregard payments to individual tribal members of the following tribes and federal settlements:

  1. Seminole Indians of Florida (PL 84-736)
  2. Pueblos of Zia and Jemez of New Mexico (PL 84-926)
  3. Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians (PL 85-794)
  4. Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (PL 92-203)
  5. Stockbridge Munsee Indian Community of Wisconsin (PL 92-480)
  6. Burns Indian Community of Oregon (PL 92-488)
  7. Pueblo of Santa Ana (PL 95-498)
  8. Pueblo of Zia of New Mexico (PL 95-499)
  9. Bois Forte Band of the Chippewa Tribe or the Grand Portage Bank of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians under 25 USC 1407 (PL 93-134, 97-458, 106-568, 113-290)
  10. Navajo and Hopi Tribe relocation payments (PL 93-531)
  11. Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma (PL 94-114)
  12. Cheyenne River Sioux, Crow Creek Sioux, Lower Brule Sioux, Oglala Sioux, and Rosebud Sioux Tribes of South Dakota (PL 94-114)
  13. Devils Lake Sioux and Standing Rock Sioux Tribes of North Dakota (PL 94-114)
  14. Shoshone-Bannock Tribes of Idaho (PL 94-114)
  15. Sac and Fox Indian claims agreement (PL 94-189)
  16. Grand River Band of Ottawa Indians (PL 94-540)
  17. Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakima Indian Nation or the Apache Tribe of the Mescalero Reservation (PL 95-433)
  18. Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978 (PL 95-608)
  19. Delaware Tribe of Indians and the Delaware Tribe of Western Oklahoma (PL 96-318)
  20. Passamaquoddy Tribe, Penobscot Nation, and Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians under the Maine Indian Claims Settlement Act of 1980 (PL 96-420)
  21. Wyandot Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma (97-371)
  22. Absentee Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma, Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma, and Cherokee Band of Shawnee descendants (PL 97-372)
  23. Miami Tribe of Oklahoma and Miami Indians of Indiana (PL 97-376)
  24. Clallam Tribe of Indians, including Port Gamble Indian Community, Lower Elwha Tribal Community, and Jamestown Band of Clallam Indians, of Washington (PL 97-402)
  25. Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewas of Arizona (PL 97-403)
  26. Blackfeet, Gros Ventre Tribes, and Assiniboine Tribes of Montana (PL 97-408)
  27. Papago Tribe of Arizona (PL 97-408)
  28. Red Lake Band of Chippewas (PL 98-123)
  29. Assiniboine Tribes of Fort Belknap Indian Community and Fort Peck Indian Reservation of Montana (PL 98-124)
  30. Chippewas of Lake Superior including the Bad River Band, Lac du Flambeau Reservation, Lac Courte Oreilles Band, Sokaogon Chippewa Community, Red Cliff Reservation, and St. Croix Reservation of Wisconsin (PL 99-146)
  31. Keweenaw Bay Indian Community of Michigan (PL 99-146)
  32. Fond du Lac, Grand Portage, Nett Lake, and White Earth Reservations of Minnesota (PL 99-146)
  33. White Earth Band of Chippewas in Minnesota (PL 99-264)
  34. Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe of Michigan (PL 99-346)
  35. Chippewas of the Mississippi including Mille Lac, White Earth, and Leech Lake of Minnesota (PL 99-377)
  36. Band of Potawatomi, including Hannahville Indian Community and Forest County Potawatomi, of Wisconsin (PL 100-581)
  37. Puyallup Tribes under the Puyallup Tribe of Indians Settlement Act of 1989 (PL 101-41)
  38. Seneca Nation of New York under the Seneca Nation Settlement Act of 1990 (PL 101-503)
  39. Catawba Indian Tribe of South Carolina (PL 103-116)
  40. Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation (PL 103-436)

Disregard as assets any lump sum or periodic payments received under the Cobell v. Salazar Class Action Trust Case during the one-year period beginning on the date of receipt (PL 111-291).

Disregard up to $2,000 per calendar year held by an individual Native American that is derived from restricted land or land held in trust by the Department of Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs (PL 103-66, 92-203, and 100-241).

Disregard the first $2,000 of individual shares for the following:

  1. Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation (PL 97-436)
  2. Old Age Assistance Claims Settlement Act (PL 98-500)
  3. Seminole Nation of Oklahoma (PL 101-277)
  4. Seminole Tribe, Miccosukee Tribe of Indians, and the independent Seminole Indians of Florida (PL 101-277)
  5. Rincon Band of Mission Indians (Docket 80-A)
  6. Walker Paiute Tribe (Docket 87-A)
  7. Ak-Chin, Salt River Pima-Maricopa, and Gila River Pima-Maricopa Indian Communities (Docket 228)
  8. Maricopa Ak-Chin Indian Community (Docket 235)
  9. Peoria Tribe of Oklahoma (Dockets 313, 314-A, and 314-B)
  10. Yankton Sioux Tribe (Dockets 342-70 and 343-70)
  11. Wichita and Affiliated Tribe (Keechi, Waco & Tawakonie) of Oklahoma (Dockets 371 and 372)

Native American Trust Funds

Disregard up to $2,000 per calendar year held by an individual Native American that is derived from restricted land or land held in trust by the Department of Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs.

Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)

Disregard any Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) payments received by participating food unit members for 12 continuous months from the month of receipt. If there is a break of one day or more, count the remaining EITC as an asset. The 12-month period is still continuous if there is a break in service (see Section 2.3.1 Break in Service).  

Example 8 John, a FoodShare member, received a $1,000 EITC lump sum payment in January and deposited it in his savings account. On March 31, he is ineligible for benefits for failure to complete a renewal. On April 3, he reapplies for FoodShare and is found eligible. Count any remaining amount of the $1,000 EITC payment as an asset.

IDA Program

Disregard total Individual Development Account (IDA) balances as assets if it is an account funded under TANF (Community Reinvestment) or the Assets for Independence Act (AFIA).

Wisconsin Sales Tax

The one-time rebate payment of Wisconsin sales taxes in January 2000 should be counted as an asset in the month of receipt.

Wisconsin Higher Education Bonds

Wisconsin Higher Education Bonds were sold by the state to the public as a way to save for a higher education. To determine their net value as an asset, subtract broker's fees from market value.

529(a) and Coverdell 530 Education Accounts

Per section 5(g)(8)(A) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008, disregard the value of any funds in a qualified tuition program described in Section 529 of the Internal Revenue Service Code of 1986 or the Coverdell Education Savings Account under Section 530 of that code.

Agent Orange Settlement Fund

Disregard payments received from the Agent Orange Settlement Fund, or any other fund established in settling "In Re Agent Orange product liability Settlement Fund litigation, M.D.L. No. 381 (E.D.N.Y.)" as assets. Continue to disregard the payments for as long as they are identified separately. Apply this disregard retroactively to January 1, 1989.

Radiation Exposure Compensation Act

Disregard payments from any program under the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act (PL 101-426) paid to compensate injury or death resulting from exposure to radiation from nuclear testing ($50,000) and uranium mining ($100,000). When the affected person is deceased, payments are made to the surviving spouse, children, parents, or grandparents of the deceased. The federal DOJ makes the payments. Continue to disregard the payments for as long as they are identified separately. Apply this disregard retroactively to October 15, 1990.

Life Insurance

Disregard the cash value of any life insurance policies.

Crime Act of 1984

Disregard payments to crime victims under the Crime Act of 1984.

Veteran's Administration Disability Pension Payments

Disregard the annual adjustment in a VA disability pension as an asset in the month the food unit receives it. The VA usually makes this benefit adjustment in October.

SSI PASS Accounts

Disregard income of an SSI recipient necessary to fulfill a Plan to Achieve Self-Support (PASS) as an asset regardless of the source. This income may be spent in accordance with an approved PASS or deposited into a PASS account.

The SSA must approve the SSI recipient's PASS in writing, identifying the amount of income that shall be set aside each month to fulfill the PASS.

Victims of Nazi Persecution

Disregard as an asset any payment under PL 103-286 to victims of Nazi persecution.

Student Financial Aid

Disregard student financial aid as an asset as long as the student is enrolled in an institution of higher education. If the student graduates or dis-enrolls from school, count any remaining available student financial aid as an asset.

Shelters for Victims of Domestic Violence

When determining eligibility for a food unit living in a shelter for victims of domestic violence, disregard assets that are jointly owned with someone in its former food unit if agreement of the joint owner still living in the former food unit is needed to access the asset.

Achieving a Better Life Experience (ABLE) Account

Per section 103(a) of the Tax Increase Prevention Act of 2014, consistent with Section 5(d)(10) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008, ABLE accounts are considered disregarded assets. An ABLE account is a tax-favored saving account established to provide secure funding for disability-related expenses on behalf of designated beneficiaries.

Income Tax, Refund, Rebate, or Credit

For food units subject to regular SNAP rules, disregard any remaining portion of a federal income tax refund, rebate, or credit for 12 months following the month the refund is received.

4.4.1.8 Divestment

7 CFR 273.8(h)

The FoodShare applicant or food unit is not eligible if a member has given away or transferred assets in excess of the asset limit that would have been counted in the eligibility determination:

  1. Within three months before the date of application or while receiving FoodShare, and
  2. The reason for transfer was to become or remain eligible for FoodShare.

The following asset transfers are not divestments:

  1. Assets that would have been disregarded.
  2. Assets sold or traded at or near their fair market value.
  3. Assets transferred between members of the same food unit.
  4. Assets given away for reasons other than to qualify for or keep FoodShare eligibility. It is the food unit’s responsibility to prove the reason for the transfer was other than to create or continue eligibility.
  5. An inheritance is disclaimed under s. 853.40, Wis. Stats. A disclaimer occurs when a beneficiary renounces any claim to an inheritance. A disclaimer is not a divestment as the person disclaiming never gains ownership of the disclaimed asset. The disclaimer must be filed in the probate court having jurisdiction. It is also filed in the office of the register of deeds in the county in which any real estate is located.

4.4.1.8.1 Period of Ineligibility

Add the value of the divested assets to other countable asset values. Determine how much this total exceeds the FoodShare assistance group's asset limit. Use the chart in Section 8.1.4 Disqualification for Divestment to determine the ineligibility period.

Example 9

An EBD food unit of one with $1,250 in savings transferred the ownership of stocks worth $5,650 to a person not in the same food unit. As calculated:

$ 5,650 = value of stocks = countable divested value

+ 1,250 = food unit's existing assets

$ 6,900 = total of food unit's assets and divested value

- 4,250 = food unit's asset limit

$2,650 = divested value in excess of food unit's asset limit.

The divested value in excess of food unit's asset limit is used to calculate the FoodShare disqualification period.

The period of ineligibility begins at either:

  1. The month of application.

  2. The first allotment issued after the notice of adverse action period has expired in an ongoing FoodShare case, unless a fair hearing and continuation of benefits is requested.

This page last updated in Release Number: 23-03
Release Date: 12/18/2023
Effective Date: 12/18/2023


Notice: The content within this manual is the sole responsibility of the State of Wisconsin's Department of Health Services (DHS). This site will link to sites outside of DHS where appropriate. DHS is in no way responsible for the content of sites outside of DHS.

Publication Number: P-16001